During the Colonial period, Guatemala city was the capital of the Audience of Guatemala. The city was the most important urban and administrative center in the area, largely sustained through the forced labor of indigenous peoples and African slaves. The economy was mainly agricultural, and the most important crops were corn, wheat, sugarcane, cacao, and indigo. Artistic forms were predominantly religious, with educational purposes addressed to the faithful. Guatemalan sculpture of the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries includes examples of Renaissance, Baroque, and Neoclassic styles. Guatemala city was an important artistic center, with its own styles and forms of expression. Guatemalan sculpture and silverwork were highly regarded throughout the New World, and there important examples reached churches in Spain itself.

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